Final answer:
A chromosome micrograph displays the chromosomes of a cell in descending order of size, with banding patterns revealed by staining and visualizing under a microscope, allowing for the identification of each chromosome.
Step-by-step explanation:
A chromosome micrograph is a micrograph which displays the chromosomes of a cell, usually in descending order of size. Chromosomes are threadlike nuclear structures consisting of DNA and proteins that serve as the repositories for genetic information. This type of micrograph is possible because chromosomes can be stained with dyes and visualized under a microscope, revealing distinctive banding patterns that are unique to each chromosome, akin to miniature bar codes. These banding patterns facilitate the routine identification of different chromosomes within a karyotype. Karyotyping is a process by which chromosomes are sorted and visually represented, and it can be used for various applications, such as diagnosing chromosomal abnormalities.