Final answer:
A manager who enforces existing rules, resists change, and maintains the status quo is a Traditional manager. The correct answer is option 1.
Step-by-step explanation:
A manager who makes decisions by enforcing rules and regulations that are already in place, who resists change, and acts as a caretaker of the status quo can be described as a Traditional manager. This type of manager focuses on maintaining current procedures and is less concerned with innovation or adapting to new situations.
Such a management style contrasts with Democratic, Autocratic, or Transformational leadership styles. A Democratic manager encourages group participation in decision-making and consensus, while an Autocratic manager makes decisions unilaterally with a strong focus on meeting goals. A Transformational leader, on the other hand, is more dynamic and aims to inspire and bring about change within an organization.
When referring to the types of authority that do not reside primarily in a leader, Traditional authority is more about adhering to established protocols and customs rather than a leader's personal directives or charisma. Traditional management and authority are thus characterized by a focus on the preservation of established methods and a resistance to change.