Final answer:
The plural form of 'mitochondrion' is 'mitochondria.' These organelles are essential for energy production in eukaryotic cells, generating ATP necessary for various cellular processes.
Step-by-step explanation:
The plural form of mitochondrion is mitochondria. Mitochondria are membrane-enclosed organelles found in most eukaryotic cells, often referred to as the "powerhouses" or "energy factories" of the cell. They are pivotal in the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is the main energy-carrying molecule in the cell used for various functions, including movement and cell division. The extensive internal membrane of a mitochondrion, called the 'cristae,' increases the surface area for energy production. Cells with high energy demands, such as muscle and nerve cells, contain many mitochondria to meet their metabolic needs.