Final answer:
The period where people transitioned from crafting items by hand to utilizing machines in factories is known as the Industrial Revolution. This transformation, which occurred between 1750 and 1850, drastically altered the manufacturing process and had deep societal impacts.
Step-by-step explanation:
The time when people went from making things at home by hand to making them on machines in factories was called the Industrial Revolution. This period, roughly from 1750 to 1850, was defined by a series of improvements in industrial technology that dramatically changed the manufacturing process.
Earlier, most goods were produced through handicrafts at home or in small workshops; a process that was labor-intensive and slow. As new machinery like the Spinning Jenny and the Spinning Mule were invented, these handmade goods shifted to mechanized production in factories. This migration to factory work had significant social and economic impacts, altering the lifestyle of workers and their families.
Factory jobs led to urbanization, as laborers moved into cities. In factories, production became more systematic with the introduction of assembly lines, where workers specialized in a few simple tasks, enhancing efficiency and increasing the speed of production.
Ultimately, the mechanization of production enabled a surge in the output of goods and significantly decreased the cost, making previously luxury items like pins, clothing, and furniture affordable to the working class.