Question

A 54-year old man is recovering from a skull fracture with a subacute subdural hematoma. He has return of motor control and orientation but appears apathetic and has reduced awareness of his environment. When planning discharge or the patient, the nurse explains to the patient and the family that

1) continuous improvement in the patient's condition should occur until he has returned to pre trauma status
2) the patient's complete recovery may take years, and the family should plan for his long term dependent care
3) the patient is likely to have long term emotional and mental changes that may require continued professional help
4) role changes in family members will be necessary because the patient will be dependent on his family for care and support

Answer 1

The patient with a subdural hematoma may experience long-term emotional and mental changes, necessitating ongoing professional support. The correct option is (3).

Step-by-step explanation:

A 54-year-old man recovering from a skull fracture and subacute subdural hematoma is experiencing apathy and reduced environmental awareness despite regaining motor control and orientation.

Recovery from such serious brain injuries often varies and can result in permanent changes; thus, predicting the level of recovery and time frame is challenging.

The option that most accurately represents what could be expected in the long term is that the patient is likely to have long term emotional and mental changes that may require continued professional help.

Brain dysfunction resulting from traumatic brain injuries can lead to significant physical and cognitive disabilities. These injuries may result in altered personality, memory problems, and difficulties with motor functions and speech.

As exemplified by the historical figure Phineas Gage, while some individuals may cope and adapt post-injury, the extent and nature of recovery can be unpredictable.

Treatments such as medication, counseling, and cognitive rehabilitation can assist individuals in coping with their disabilities, but the process can be lengthy and may not lead to a full return to pre-injury status.

It is essential to manage expectations and prepare for the possibility of long-term care needs.