Final answer:
In macroeconomics, spending by a company using funds from issued bonds to buy new machinery as described in Harry's scenario is called investment spending, which includes expenditures on physical capital and is essential for economic growth.
Step-by-step explanation:
When Harry buys a bond issued by Dell, Inc. and the company uses these funds to purchase new machinery for one of its factories, in macroeconomic terms, this type of spending is referred to as investment spending. Investment spending is crucial to the economy because it is responsible for job creation and includes expenditures on physical assets like machinery that help in increasing productivity. Specific categories of investment spending include producer's durable equipment and software, nonresidential structures like factories and offices, changes in inventories, and residential structures. Although smaller in scale compared to consumption demand, representing only about 15-18% of GDP, investment spending is significant for long-term economic growth despite its volatility.