Final answer:
The person in charge of authorizing credit not understanding what constitutes a credit risk is an example of a material weakness.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer is 1) A material weakness.
A material weakness refers to a significant deficiency in internal controls that could lead to a material misstatement in a company's financial statements. In this case, the person in charge of authorizing credit not understanding what constitutes a credit risk is a major weakness in the company's credit risk management process.
This deficiency can have serious consequences for the company, such as higher credit losses and financial instability.