Final answer:
Artemis is a multifunctional nuclease with exonuclease activity that plays a role in DNA repair, recombination, and RNA primer removal, as well as in the splicing process of pre-mRNA.
Step-by-step explanation:
Artemis is a multifunctional nuclease that has several important roles in DNA repair and recombination. One key function is its exonuclease activity, which is responsible for removing RNA primers and replacing them with newly synthesized DNA during DNA replication. Furthermore, Artemis helps to seal the gaps between the Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand to ensure the creation of one continuous DNA strand. Another significant function of Artemis is related to its impact on the main enzyme that adds nucleotides in the 5'-3' direction during DNA synthesis, and it is also involved in the splicing pre-mRNAs and regulating transcription factors during the splicing process. Specifically, this process includes the removal of introns and the reconnection of exons in a pre-mRNA sequence. In summary, Artemis plays a pivotal role in maintaining the integrity and continuity of the DNA molecule.