Final answer:
Holliday junctions are resolved in two ways, leading to either crossover or non-crossover outcomes for the genetic material. This is distinct from chemical cleavage methods used in DNA sequencing such as the Maxam-Gilbert method.
Step-by-step explanation:
The cleavage or resolution of Holliday junctions, which are structures that are key intermediates in genetic recombination processes, notably during meiosis, can occur in two ways.
These two cleavage pathways can lead to two different outcomes for the DNA molecules involved. One way results in a crossover, where genetic information is exchanged between the DNA molecules, leading to recombinant chromosomes. The other way does not result in exchange of genetic information, leading to non-crossover or patch recombinants.
While the question appears related to the Maxam-Gilbert or chemical cleavage method, which is a separate technique used for DNA sequencing by cleaving DNA at specific nucleotide bases, the resolution of Holliday junctions is a different biological process that does not involve those specific chemical procedures.