Final answer:
Severance is the process by which real property becomes personal property when it is detached from the land.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term that describes the process of real property becoming personal property by detaching it from the land is severance. Severance occurs when an item that was formerly considered an integral part of the real property is removed and thus transformed into personal property. For instance, if a landowner cuts down trees on their property, the lumber derived from those trees transitions from being part of the real estate (real property) to being personal property that the owner can sell or otherwise dispose of independently of the land.