Question

The nurse outlines the age-related changes that occur in the urinary system, which include: (Select all that apply.)

1) hypertrophy of the prostate.
2) decrease in secretion of renin.
3) decrease in muscle tone of bladder.
4) enlargement of bladder.
5) increase in ability to concentrate urine.

Answer 1

Age-related changes in the urinary system include 1) hypertrophy of the prostate, 3) decrease in muscle tone of the bladder, and a 2) decrease in secretion of renin.

Step-by-step explanation:

The nurse outlines the age-related changes that occur in the urinary system, which include:

1. Hypertrophy of the prostate
2. Decrease in secretion of renin
3. Decrease in muscle tone of bladder
4. Enlargement of bladder
5. Increase in ability to concentrate urine

Beginning at about age 25, the prostate may start to undergo enlargement, a condition known as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), which affects approximately 40 percent of men by age 60, and as many as 80 percent by age 80. This enlargement can lead to constriction of the urethra, impacting urinary function.

As for the bladder, with advancing age there is a general decrease in muscle tone, which can affect its capacity to contract effectively and lead to urinary retention or incontinence, but not an enlargement of the bladder itself. Additionally, the kidneys' ability to concentrate urine generally declines due to a decrease in secretion of certain hormones like renin and antidiuretic hormone, indicating that there is not an increase in the ability to concentrate urine with age.

Hence, the correct answers are Options 1, 2, and 3.