Final answer:
Moral agency implies that an individual has the capacity to make moral judgements and be held responsible for their actions. It does not guarantee moral behaviour or adherence to deontological ethics.
Step-by-step explanation:
When we say that someone or something has moral agency, we are referring to their ability to act with reference to right and wrong, and subsequently, the ability to be held accountable for those actions.
Being a moral agent does not necessarily entail that the person will always act in a morally correct manner, which addresses the first option. However, moral agency does imply that the individual is capable of understanding and making judgments about moral issues, which responds to the fourth option - the capability to determine what is right and wrong.
In regards to the second option, while a moral agent might follow a deontological code of ethics, this is not an inherent consequence of moral agency. Deontology is a specific ethical framework that emphasizes duty over consequences, and while a moral agent may choose to adhere to a deontological code, moral agency itself does not require this. Therefore, the capacity for moral agency does not automatically mean that an agent follows a deontological system.
Regarding the third option, one of the central aspects of moral agency is responsibility. When an individual or entity is recognized as a moral agent, it implies that they can and should be held responsible for their actions, since they have the capacity to discern and make choices based on their understanding of morality.