Final answer:
Secondary data usage can increase ethical risks when it exposes private aspects or diminishes personal dignity, when additional organizations have access to the data, and when it is more expensive than primary data. Option 2 is correct.
Step-by-step explanation:
One aspect of secondary data usage that increases ethical risks is when data applied to secondary purposes exposes private aspects or diminishes personal dignity. For example, if previously published data is used to analyze an individual's personal medical information without their consent, it would be a breach of privacy and a potential ethical risk.
Another aspect is that additional organizations and processors may now have access to the data, which increases the chances of unauthorized use or disclosure. Lastly, the cost of acquiring secondary data may be higher compared to primary data, which can add financial burdens and potential ethical implications for researchers.
The question pertains to ethical risks associated with the use of secondary data. Ethical risks increase when:
Data applied to secondary purposes may expose private aspects or diminish personal dignity.
Additional organizations and processors may now have access to the data.
When working with secondary data, researchers should be mindful of these ethical risks. For instance, using data collected for one purpose in a different context could unknowingly reveal sensitive information about individuals or communities. Also, as more parties gain access to the data, the risk of data breaches and unauthorized use grows, heightening concerns about online privacy and security.