Final answer:
The Parthenon, located on the Athenian Acropolis and dedicated to the goddess Athena, is the most famous Greek temple. It was constructed beginning in 447 BCE and is revered for its architectural and artistic excellence.
Step-by-step explanation:
The most famous Greek temple is undoubtedly the Parthenon. Dedicated to the maiden goddess Athena, the patron of Athens, the Parthenon stands on the Athenian Acropolis and is a masterpiece of ancient architecture. Designed by Iktinos and Kallikrates, its construction began in 447 BCE at a time when the Athenian Empire was flourishing.
Besides being a religious monument, the Parthenon also housed a colossal statue of Athena, crafted by the celebrated sculptor Pheidias out of gold and ivory, though this statue is no longer existent. The Parthenon is praised not only for its historical significance but also for its perfect proportions and intricate sculptures, representing a high point in Greek art and architecture.