Final answer:
In the 1844 presidential election, the Whig Party candidate who opposed annexation and ran for President was Henry Clay, but he was defeated by Democrat James K. Polk. The correct option is 2.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Whig Party candidate in the 1844 presidential election who opposed annexation was Henry Clay. He was seen as a front-runner for the Whig nomination, drawing support from various factions within the party due to his role as the architect of the American System and being a Kentucky slaveholder.
However, his association with opposition to territorial expansion during the war made him a less favorable candidate for some within the Whig Party.
Ultimately, Clay was defeated by Democrat James K. Polk, whose campaign centered around expansionism, including the possible annexation of Texas and acquiring a portion of Oregon. The correct option is 2.