Final answer:
The decolonization movement after World War II marked the end of neocolonialism and the rise of nationalist movements. The increase in UN membership from 57 to over 190 states reflects this trend of nations gaining independence. Nationalism and resistance played a pivotal role in the decolonization process.
Step-by-step explanation:
Emergence of Nationalism and the End of Neocolonialism
The decolonization movement marked the end of neocolonialism and the emergence of nationalist movements. This process was especially pronounced after the end of World War II, when many colonies achieved independence. The United Nations became a marker of independent statehood, with UN membership increasing from fifty-seven countries before 1950 to well over 190 member states as decolonization gained momentum. Countries in Africa and Asia demanded independence from European colonial powers, highlighted by significant nationalist movements. The struggle for self-rule was influenced by a variety of factors, including the end of World War I, the Great Depression, the Treaty of Versailles, and World War II, which reshaped politics and strengthened the resolve of colonized nations to seek autonomy.
Colonies became a drain on the resources of European countries, with little public support for their maintenance. Widespread resistance made European control unsustainable, especially as locals fought for their independence on their own turf, presenting a commitment Europeans were reluctant to make. The process tells a broader story of a global shift toward self-determination influenced by ideologies of nationalism and independence movements.