Final answer:
True, carrots are lower on the glycemic index than ice cream. Refined carbohydrates cause rapid blood sugar spikes, problematic for diabetics, while complex carbohydrates are digested slower, preventing such spikes. Balanced carbohydrate intake is crucial to prevent hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia.
Step-by-step explanation:
1) True. Carrots are indeed lower on the glycemic index (GI) than ice cream. The glycemic index is a measure of how quickly foods cause increases in blood glucose levels. Carrots have a GI score of about 39, which is considered low, whereas ice cream, although varying by specific type and ingredients, typically has a higher GI.
2) The difference between refined (simple) carbohydrates and complex carbohydrates lies in their chemical structures and the speed of their digestion and absorption. Refined carbohydrates are typically quickly absorbed, causing more rapid spikes in blood sugar, which is problematic for people with diabetes as it can be hard to manage blood sugar levels. Complex carbohydrates have longer chains of sugar molecules, which generally take longer to digest and thus provide a steadier release of glucose into the bloodstream.
14) True. A diet rich in carbohydrates can lead to hyperglycemia, while a poor carbohydrate diet may lead to hypoglycemia. It's important to balance carbohydrate intake to maintain optimal blood glucose levels, which helps in assessing the intestinal absorption status of carbohydrates.