Final answer:
Horses originated from Europe and significantly changed Native American lifestyles. Sugarcane, native to Southeast Asia, was cultivated in the Americas for European export, impacting the indigenous and African slave labor force. Diseases brought by Europeans caused significant native population decline.
Step-by-step explanation:
The place of origin for horses in relation to the Americas is Europe. Horses were brought over by European colonizers and had a profound impact on the native population in the Americas, particularly those in the Great Plains, who adapted their lifestyle to include horse-based hunting and travel.
Sugar plants, specifically sugarcane, have their origins in Southeast Asia and were brought to the Americas by Europeans. The intensive cultivation of sugarcane in the Americas was largely for export to European markets and often relied on slave labor following the demise of the native labor force due to diseases brought by Europeans.
The devastating impact of disease on the native populations in the Americas stems from pathogens such as smallpox and influenza brought by Europeans. Indigenous peoples had no immunity to these diseases, which led to catastrophic mortality rates, with estimates of up to 90% of the native population perishing.