Final answer:
The object undergoes an acceleration of 2 m/s², calculated by dividing the change in velocity (20 m/s) by the time (10 s). Using Newton's second law, the force exerted on the 180 kg object is 360 N, determined by multiplying its mass by the acceleration.
Step-by-step explanation:
To calculate the acceleration of an object that changes its velocity from 5 m/s to 25 m/s in 10 seconds, we use the formula: a = Δv / t. Where a is the acceleration, Δv is the change in velocity, and t is the time taken. The change in velocity (Δv) is 25 m/s - 5 m/s, which is 20 m/s. When we divide this by the time taken (10 seconds), we find that: Acceleration, a = 20 m/s / 10 s = 2 m/s². Next, to calculate the force exerted on the object with a mass of 180 kg, we use Newton's second law: F = ma. Where F is the force, m is the mass, and a is the acceleration. Substituting the given values: Force, F = 180 kg × 2 m/s² = 360 N. Therefore, the object's acceleration is 2 m/s², and the force exerted on it is 360 N.