Final answer:
The early Gothic Royal Portal of the Cathedral of Notre Dame de Chartres signifies a shift towards naturalism in the mid-twelfth century, moving away from the abstract Romanesque art towards more realistic and human-centered sculptures, anticipating further developments in Gothic art and the Renaissance.
Step-by-step explanation:
The west portal, often referred to as the Royal Portal, of the Cathedral of Notre Dame de Chartres is a significant example of early Gothic art in France, dating back to the mid-twelfth century. This period marked a transition from Romanesque art, known for its solid and heavy features, towards a style that incorporated more naturalism. This shift in style is evident in the sculpture adorning the west doorway at Chartres, as it exhibits a larger sense of realism compared to its Romanesque predecessors.
Under the influence of the School of Chartres, the jamb statues of the south portal of the cathedral demonstrate a clear movement towards a more life-like aesthetic, anticipating the more naturalistic sculpture characteristic of later Gothic art and the coming Renaissance. This evolution reflects a growing interest in humanism and the natural world, distancing itself from the more abstract and symbolic approach of Romanesque art. The early Gothic façade of Chartres contrasts with the later High Gothic style seen at other cathedrals like Amiens, which is characterized by extensive use of glass and minimal masonry, signifying further advancements towards naturalism and illumination.