Final answer:
The correct answer is option (2). The plan created by Hippodamus of Miletus for Piraeus in Athens, Greece in 450 BC is the Grid plan.
Step-by-step explanation:
Hippodamus of Miletus, an ancient Greek architect and urban planner, is credited with introducing the grid plan for urban design, particularly in the city of Piraeus around 450 BC. This innovative approach represented a departure from traditional city layouts and played a significant role in shaping urban planning principles for centuries to come.
The grid plan, characterized by a network of intersecting streets that form a regular pattern resembling a checkerboard, was a departure from the irregular and organic layouts of earlier settlements.
This methodical arrangement aimed to optimize the efficiency of space utilization, facilitate ease of movement, and contribute to a sense of order within the city.
Piraeus, the port city of Athens, benefited from this grid plan as it enhanced the city's functionality and organization, crucial for a bustling port with significant commercial and naval activities.
The layout provided clear and distinct zones for various activities, from residential areas to marketplaces, contributing to the overall harmony of the urban environment.Hippodamus' grid plan, though not universally adopted in its entirety, left an enduring legacy in urban planning.
It influenced the design of many cities in the ancient and classical world and continues to inspire urban planners and architects in the contemporary era. The grid plan's emphasis on rationality and order has made it a timeless contribution to the field of urban design.