Final answer:
The Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is used to amplify a specific DNA sequence, making it possible to analyze small samples of DNA for various applications. Gel electrophoresis is a complementary technique that separates the amplified DNA fragments based on size for further examination.
Step-by-step explanation:
Purpose of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
The Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is a revolutionary laboratory technique used to amplify, or make numerous copies of, a specific DNA sequence from a small sample of DNA. This is essential in genetic research, medical diagnostics, forensics, and many other fields, as it allows for the examination and analysis of specific regions of the genome. The process involves using a special DNA polymerase, primers that are complementary to the target DNA sequence, and a thermal cycle to facilitate the replication.
Purpose of Gel Electrophoresis
Gel electrophoresis is a method that separates DNA fragments according to their size. After PCR, the resulting DNA fragments are often subjected to gel electrophoresis to confirm the success of the amplification, to quantify the DNA, or to prepare for further procedures such as cloning, sequencing, or analysis.