Final answer:
Predation, competition, symbiosis, and disease (parasitism) are different types of species interactions in ecology. Predation involves one organism killing and consuming another, while competition occurs when organisms compete for resources. Symbiosis includes mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism, with parasitism being a type of symbiotic interaction where one species benefits at the expense of another.
Step-by-step explanation:
In ecology, organisms can be classified according to different types of species interactions. Predation is a type of interaction where one organism (the predator) kills and consumes another organism (the prey). Competition occurs when two or more organisms compete for the same limited resources, such as food or territory.
Symbiosis is a close and long-term relationship between different species. Mutualism is a type of symbiotic relationship where both species benefit from the interaction. Commensalism is another type of symbiotic relationship where one species benefits and the other is unaffected. Parasitism is a type of symbiotic relationship where one species (the parasite) benefits at the expense of the other species (the host) by living and feeding on it. Parasitism is similar to parasitoids, but in parasitism, the host is not usually killed.
Overall, these classifications help us understand the various ways in which organisms interact and depend on each other in ecosystems.