Final answer:
1) Rationality and individualism
The two major beliefs of the Enlightenment were rationality and individualism, and reason and progress, which centered around the use of human reason and empirical evidence to gain knowledge and improve society.
Step-by-step explanation:
The two major beliefs of the Enlightenment were rationality and individualism, as well as reason and progress. Enlightenment thinkers embraced the idea that through the use of reason and empirical evidence, human beings could achieve knowledge, liberty, and progress in society.
They proposed that human reason and empirical study of the world could lead to advancements in science and improvements in the human condition, thus fostering progress and reforming society.
Contrary to tradition and authority, or superstition and ignorance, rationalism and empiricism were the foundations upon which Enlightenment thought was built.