Final answer:
A constant, nonzero force on an object results in acceleration, varying the object's speed. For charged particles in a magnetic field, both speed and direction of movement alter the magnetic force experienced; an electron and a proton with the same velocity will have similar forces but different accelerations due to mass differences.
Step-by-step explanation:
When a constant, nonzero force is applied to an object, the object will experience a change in velocity, meaning it will accelerate. According to Newton's second law of motion, force equals mass times acceleration (F = ma), so if a force is applied and the mass remains constant, the acceleration must change. For instance, if a force is applied to an object on a frictionless surface, the speed of the object will increase as long as the force is applied. Once the force stops, if no other forces act on the object (like friction or air resistance), the speed of the object will remain constant, and the acceleration will become zero.
An electron and a proton moving at the same velocity in a magnetic field will experience magnetic forces and accelerations that are dependent on their charge and mass. Since the electron has a much smaller mass than the proton, it will experience a greater acceleration even though the magnetic force is the same, due to its charge being equal in magnitude but opposite in sign to the proton's charge. Altering the magnetic field's magnitude or direction will impact the force experienced by a charged particle moving through it, depending on the angle between the velocity of the particle and the field direction.