Final answer:
America lagged behind Europe in medical services during the Preindustrial Era due to Europe's earlier Industrial Revolution, which led to advancements in medical technology, public health infrastructure, and the establishment of universal healthcare.
Step-by-step explanation:
The lag in American medical services during the Preindustrial Era as compared to Europe, particularly the UK, Germany, and France, can be attributed to a few key factors. First, the Industrial Revolution began in England around 1750 and spread to other parts of western Europe by the 1830s, reaching maturity by the mid-19th century. This technological advancement in Europe greatly outpaced the United States initially, which did not begin its industrial boom until the latter part of the 19th century.
The three main areas where America lagged behind Europe in medical services were: medical technology and knowledge, public health infrastructure, and access to universal healthcare. Significant scientific knowledge of diseases and improved public health measures, such as better water supplies and sewers, were implemented in Europe following the spread of the Industrial Revolution, leading to lower death rates. Additionally, the farming revolution improved food distribution in Europe, contributing to better overall health.
Finally, the universal healthcare present in European nations, typically government-run and tax-funded, provided more expansive coverage for their citizens compared to the private and fragmented healthcare system in the United States during that era.