Final answer:
The question pertains to categorizing phrases as examples of kinetic energy or potential energy. Kinetic energy is related to the movement of objects, while potential energy is associated with an object's position or state. Simulations like PhET's Masses and Springs can provide a visual understanding of these energy transformations.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question concerns distinguishing between kinetic energy and potential energy. These terms are fundamental concepts in physics, more specifically in the field of mechanics. Kinetic energy is the energy that an object possesses due to its motion, while potential energy is the energy stored in an object due to its position or configuration. In the context of a mass and spring system, kinetic energy is highest when the mass is moving fastest, while potential energy is highest when the spring is stretched or compressed the furthest from its equilibrium position.
When sorting phrases for kinetic or potential energy, one should look for keywords. Phrases that include motion, speed, or velocity are related to kinetic energy. Meanwhile, phrases that mention height, position, stretching, or compressing likely pertain to potential energy. An example of kinetic energy is "a mass swinging at maximum speed", whereas potential energy could be represented by "a mass at the peak of its motion, momentarily at rest".
Simulations like those from PhET offer interactive exploration of these energy types. In such simulations, users can observe how kinetic and potential energies change as a system evolves over time, which is especially informative within a mass and spring laboratory. Observing these energies on a chart or graph helps solidify their conceptual differences and how they transform into each other.