Question

Which phrase is the best definition of reduction?

1) loss of electrons by an atom
2) gain of electrons by an atom
3) loss of oxygen by a molecule
4) transfer of equal amounts of electrons between atoms

Answer 1

Reduction is best defined as the gain of electrons by an atom, which can also involve loss of oxygen or gain of hydrogen. The mnemonic OIL RIG helps remember this concept, fundamental in oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions. Option 2.

Step-by-step explanation:

The best definition of reduction is the gain of electrons by an atom option 2. Reduction can also be described as the loss of oxygen from a molecule or the gain of hydrogen atoms in a molecular compound. When an atom or ion gains electrons, this results in a decrease in its oxidation number, indicating that reduction has occurred.

In every redox (oxidation-reduction) reaction, reduction occurs alongside oxidation, as electrons are simply transferred from one substance to another. It's important to remember the mnemonic OIL RIG, which stands for 'Oxidation Is Loss, Reduction Is Gain' of electrons to understand these processes.