Final answer:
The amount of water evaporated is 4000 grams. By applying heat transfer principles, we can calculate that 1.6 kg of water evaporates from each square meter per hour on a hot, dry day if the entire incoming heat from the sun is used for evaporation.
Step-by-step explanation:
To find the amount of water evaporated in grams from the leaves over the course of a day, we simply convert the mass from kilograms to grams. Since 1 kilogram equals 1000 grams, we multiply the mass of water in kilograms by 1000. 4.0 kg of water × 1000 grams/kg = 4000 grams of water.
For the given scenarios, we apply the heat transfer principles and the enthalpy of vaporization to determine the mass of water evaporated. On a hot dry day, if 1.00 kW/m² of sunlight heat (which is 1000 J/s/m²) is entirely used for evaporation, this means 1000 J/s × 3600 s/h = 3,600,000 J of energy are transferred per square meter in 1 hour.
The heat energy required to evaporate water is typically 2250 J/g, so:
3,600,000 J ÷ 2250 J/g = 1600 g or 1.6 kg of water evaporated from each square meter in one hour.