Final answer:
The Mayan civilization was a sophisticated society active from 250 to 900 CE in the region now known as southern Mexico and Central America. They built impressive stone cities, developed advanced astronomical and mathematical knowledge, and conducted extensive trade.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Mayan civilization flourished between 250 CE and 900 CE in what is today southern Mexico and Central America. During this period, known as the classical era, they built magnificent stone cities with towering pyramids and developed a complex written language. The Maya made significant contributions to astronomy and mathematics, which interacted closely with their religious practices, and their society engaged in extensive trade across Central America, importing resources and goods such as gold and obsidian.