Final answer:
The primary differences between continents and ocean basins lie in composition, elevation, and geological stability. Continents are made of less dense, granitic rock and have a higher elevation, while ocean basins consist of denser basaltic crust submersed under water, and are often more geologically dynamic.
"The correct option is approximately option a"
Step-by-step explanation:
The primary differences between continents and ocean basins are quite varied and can be summarized by addressing each statement from the question:
- Continents are composed largely of land, specifically continental crust, which includes various types of igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks, with an average composition similar to granite. Ocean basins, on the other hand, consist primarily of oceanic crust submerged under water, predominantly made of denser volcanic rocks such as basalt.
- Regarding size, continents are not necessarily larger than ocean basins. In fact, the Pacific Ocean basin is the largest Earth surface feature, exceeding any single continent in size.
- Continents indeed have a higher elevation relative to sea level when compared to ocean basins, which are lower and filled with oceanic water.
- Geological stability varies among continents and ocean basins. Continents can be very stable in their interior areas, known as cratons, but can also be geologically active at plate boundaries, evidenced by the creation of mountain ranges and volcanic activity. Ocean basins frequently change due to seafloor spreading and subduction at their edges.
To summarize, the differences between continents and ocean basins largely relate to their composition, elevation, and geological activity. Continents, consisting primarily of granite-like rocks, rise higher and are sometimes more geologically stable, whereas ocean basins are comprised chiefly of basaltic crust and have more dynamic boundaries due to tectonic activity.