Final answer:
Option (4), Pharaoh Amenhotep IV, later known as Akhenaten, introduced monotheistic worship of Aten, built the city of Akhetaten, and changed his name to reflect his devotion to Aten, encompassing all of the above-mentioned actions.
Step-by-step explanation:
During the New Kingdom, Pharaoh Amenhotep IV, who is also known as Akhenaten, initiated significant changes in ancient Egyptian religion and governance. One of his most notable actions was the establishment of a new monotheistic religion centered on the worship of Aten, the sun disk, which he declared to be the sole god. Akhenaten further reinforced this religious reform by changing his own name from Amenhotep IV to Akhenaten, meaning "the one useful to Aten," in honor of this deity.
He also constructed a new capital city called Akhetaten, known today as Amarna, where he and his queen Nefertiti were considered the intermediary figures between Aten and the people. Akhenaten's revolutionary actions included closing the temples of other gods, ordering the desecration of their representations, and requiring that people worship him and his queen as divine figures, effectively reducing the power of traditional priestly classes.