Final answer:
Salmon is the food that may help to raise HDL cholesterol levels due to its high content of omega-3 fatty acids. Consuming polyunsaturated fats and reducing intake of saturated and trans fats is key to improving cholesterol profiles and heart health. Correct option is 1.
Step-by-step explanation:
To raise HDL cholesterol levels, it is beneficial to include foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids in your diet. Among the options listed, salmon is known for being high in omega-3 fatty acids, which are polyunsaturated fats that can help to both lower LDL (low-density lipoprotein) and elevate HDL (high-density lipoprotein), contributing to healthier blood cholesterol levels.
In contrast, items high in saturated fats, such as butter, red meat, and lard, or high in simple carbohydrates, like pasta, may contribute to higher levels of LDL cholesterol, which is not desirable.
It's important to limit intake of saturated and trans fats, typically found in animal products and processed foods, as these can raise LDL cholesterol levels and lower HDL cholesterol. Replacing saturated fats with unsaturated fats, like those found in certain fish, nuts, and vegetable oils, is recommended for improving your serum cholesterol profile and reducing the risk of heart disease.
Regular physical activity and a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and whole grains also support healthy cholesterol levels.