Final answer:
HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language, which is the language used to create web pages. It was developed by Tim Berners-Lee at CERN and is a central technology of the World Wide Web, along with URI and HTTP.
Step-by-step explanation:
HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language. It is the standard markup language used to create web pages and applications. Tim Berners-Lee, while working at CERN, developed HTML as part of the creation of the World Wide Web. He used a NeXT computer to write the first HTML editor and browser. HTML is a foundational technology that, alongside URI (Uniform Resource Identifier) and HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol), enables the functioning of the web as we know it today.
The concept of hyperlinking, a crucial component of HTML, can be traced back to ideas like the Hypertext Editing System (HES) at Brown University. However, HTML implements a simpler form of hypertext, which primarily uses one-way linking as opposed to the more complex but also more powerful two-way linking envisioned in earlier systems. This form of linking is what we commonly experience when we click on a link that takes us to a new web page or resource.