Question

Resenhoeft, villo, and wiseman (2008) conducted a study showing that a woman shown in a photograph was judged as less attractive when the photograph showed a visible tattoo compared to the same photograph with the tattoo removed. Suppose a similar experiment is conducted as a repeated-measures study. A sample of n = 12 males looks at a set of 30 photographs of women and rates the attractiveness of each woman using a 5-point scale (5 = most positive). One photograph appears twice in the set, once with a tattoo and once with the tattoo removed. For each participant, the researcher records the difference between the two ratings of the same photograph. On average, the photograph without the tattoo is rated md = 1.2 points higher than the photograph with the tattoo, with ss = 33 for the difference scores. Does the presence of a visible tattoo have a significant effect on the attractiveness ratings? Use a two-tailed test with α = .05. The sample variance is 3.00, the estimated standard error is 0.50, and t(11) = . with critical boundaries of ±2.201, h₀. The tattoo attractiveness ratings.

Answer 1

The study examines the impact of tattoos on attractiveness ratings in photographs. Without the specific t(11) value, a conclusion cannot be made, but if the t-value exceeds ±2.201, the null hypothesis would be rejected, indicating a significant effect.

Step-by-step explanation:

Effect of Tattoos on Attractiveness Ratings

The study in question explores whether a visible tattoo affects the perceived attractiveness of women in photographs. In this repeated-measures study, a sample of n = 12 males rated a set of 30 photographs using a 5-point scale. The paired photograph, shown once with and once without a tattoo, yielded a mean difference of md = 1.2 in favor of the non-tattoo version, with a sample variance of 3.00 and an estimated standard error of 0.50. To determine if the difference is statistically significant, a two-tailed test with α = .05 was used. The critical t-values for this test are ±2.201. Given the information provided, it appears there may be an error in the question as the t(11) value is not specified. Normally, we would compare the calculated t-value to the critical boundaries to decide on the null hypothesis.

The general conclusion from similar studies shows that physical attractiveness can be significantly altered by the presence of tattoos, as suggested by previous research, including Hosoda, et al. (2003), Diener, et al. (1995), and Singh (1993). If the calculated t-value were to exceed the critical boundaries, the null hypothesis that tattoos do not affect attractiveness ratings would be rejected.