Final answer:
Baby scorpions develop various body parts from a single zygote through the process of cell differentiation, where cells become specialized after a series of divisions starting with mitosis.
Step-by-step explanation:
The process that enables baby scorpions to develop various kinds of body parts from a single zygote is called cell differentiation. This is a stage in embryonic development where cells become specialized in structure and function. After the sperm fertilizes the egg, forming a zygote, this single cell starts to divide through a process called mitosis. The cells produced continue to divide without growth in a process known as cleavage to form a blastula. The blastula undergoes gastrulation, forming three germ layers. Each of these layers differentiates to form different organs and body parts. The ectoderm leads to the development of the nervous system and skin, while the mesoderm forms muscle cells and connective tissue, and the interior layer, the endoderm, becomes the gut lining and other internal structures.