Question

Jackson believes that the morality of an act can be determined based on the context in which it occurs. Based on this information, Jackson subscribes to the idea of?

1) Utilitarianism
2) Deontology
3) Relativism
4) Virtue Ethics

Answer 1

Option (3), Jackson believes in relativism, which states that morality is context-dependent. This differs from utilitarianism, where morality is assessed by the outcomes, and deontology, which judges actions based on rules or duties.

Step-by-step explanation:

Jackson subscribes to the idea of relativism, which posits that the morality of an act can be determined based on the context in which it occurs. According to relativism, there are no absolute moral principles that apply to all situations; instead, what is considered right or wrong depends on the social norms, traditions, and circumstances specific to a culture or situation.

This view contrasts with utilitarianism and deontology, which tend to adopt more universal and fixed criteria for determining the morality of actions. Utilitarianism, a form of consequentialism, gauges an action's morality by the outcome, promoting actions that result in the greatest good for the greatest number. On the other hand, deontology is centered around duties or rules such that an action's morality is determined by its adherence to certain principles or duties, regardless of the consequences.