Answer:
During the late 1800s and early 1900s, social needs underwent significant changes due to industrialization, urbanization, and other transformative forces. Some notable social needs during this period include:
1. **Labor Rights and Conditions:** As industrialization progressed, workers faced harsh conditions, long hours, and low wages. Social needs included the demand for improved labor rights, better working conditions, and fair wages. This led to the rise of labor movements and the push for workers' rights.
2. **Education Reforms:** With the expansion of industrial society, there was an increased demand for education. Social needs included improvements in public education, accessible schooling for children, and an emphasis on practical skills for the workforce.
3. **Women's Rights:** The late 19th and early 20th centuries saw the emergence of women's movements advocating for equal rights, including the right to vote (suffrage). Social needs included addressing issues such as gender inequality, limited employment opportunities, and lack of political representation.
4. **Public Health and Sanitation:** Urbanization brought challenges related to overcrowded living conditions and inadequate sanitation. Social needs included public health reforms, sanitation improvements, and the establishment of regulations to address issues like unsafe housing and contaminated water.
5. **Social Welfare and Poverty Relief:** The rapid changes in society led to increased poverty and social inequality. Social needs included the development of social welfare programs and poverty relief efforts to address the challenges faced by vulnerable populations.
6. **Civil Rights and Racial Equality:** Movements for civil rights and racial equality gained momentum, particularly in the context of issues such as segregation and discrimination. Social needs encompassed the fight against racial injustice and the push for equal rights for all citizens.
7. **Housing Reforms:** Urbanization led to crowded and often unsanitary living conditions. Social needs included housing reforms, such as the development of affordable and safe housing, as well as regulations to ensure decent living conditions.
These social needs reflected the challenges and opportunities of a rapidly changing society during the late 1800s and early 1900s. Various social movements and reforms emerged to address these needs and pave the way for a more equitable and just society.