Question

Calculate the concentration of buffer components present in 189.00 ml of a buffer solution that contains 0.240 m nh4cl and 0.240 m NH₃ immediately after the addition of 2.30 ml of 6.00 m HNO₃.

Answer 1

To calculate the concentration of buffer components after the addition of HNO₃, we first need to determine how the HNO₃ reacts with the components of the buffer solution. NH₃ and HNO₃ react to form NH₄+ and NO₃-. After the addition of HNO₃, the new concentration of NH₃ and NH₄+ in the buffer solution is 0.073 mol/L.

Step-by-step explanation:

To calculate the concentration of buffer components after the addition of HNO₃, we first need to determine how the HNO₃ reacts with the components of the buffer solution. NH₃ and HNO₃ react to form NH₄+ and NO₃-. Since the NH₃ concentration is equal to the NH₄+ concentration, we can use the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation to calculate the new concentration of NH₃ and NH₄+. First, let's calculate the moles of HNO₃ added to the solution: Moles of HNO₃ = (6.00 mol/L) * (0.0023 L) = 0.0138 mol.

concentration of buffer components after the addition of HNO₃, we first need to determine how the HNO₃ reacts with the components of the buffer solution. NH₃ and HNO₃ react to form NH₄+ and NO₃-. After the addition of HNO₃, the new concentration of NH₃ and NH₄+ in the buffer solution is 0.073 mol/L. According to the reaction, 1 mole of HNO₃ reacts with 1 mole of NH₃ to form 1 mole of NH₄+. Therefore, the concentration of NH₄+ after the reaction is: NH₄+ concentration = (0.0138 mol)/(0.189 L) = 0.073 mol/L. Since the NH₃ concentration is equal to the NH₄+ concentration, the new concentration of NH₃ is also 0.073 mol/L.