Final answer:
Alexander the Great was born in the land of Macedon. He was a renowned king and military commander who created a vast empire and ushered in the Hellenistic period. His legacy includes founding Alexandria and influencing the cultural landscape of ancient Mediterranean and Asian societies.
Step-by-step explanation:
Alexander the Great was born in the land of Macedon, which is a historical region situated in the northern part of ancient Greece. His father, Philip II of Macedon, was the king of this realm, and after his death, Alexander succeeded him. As both a military commander and a king, Alexander expanded his empire extensively, leading his forces to victory and conquering lands far beyond his native Macedonia, including Egypt and much of the Persian Empire. Notably, after seizing Egypt in 332 BC, Alexander founded the city of Alexandria, which became a prominent center of Hellenistic culture and learning.
Under his rule, the cultural and political landscape of the eastern Mediterranean and southwest Asia changed dramatically. His extraordinary ambitions and accomplishments earned him the title "the Great" and a legacy that remains influential in both Western and Eastern historical narratives. The era following his death is marked by the establishment of the Ptolemaic dynasty in Egypt and the division of his empire among his generals, leading to the Hellenistic period where Greek culture spread widely and mixed with local traditions across a vast region.