Final answer:
The principal square root of a number refers to the positive square root of the number, but in some cases, equations can have both positive and negative solutions.
Step-by-step explanation:
The principal square root of a number refers to the positive square root of a number. So, the correct answer is option 1) The positive square root of a number.
For example, the principal square root of 25 is 5 because 5 x 5 = 25. However, it's important to note that some equations might have two solutions, one positive and one negative. Therefore, option 3) Both the positive and negative square roots of a number can also be true in certain cases.