Final answer:
A hacker can obtain passwords through social engineering, which taps into human psychology rather than utilizing technical methods. Various tactics, such as phishing, are used to steal important information, which can be used for malicious purposes.
Step-by-step explanation:
Hacker Techniques and Prevention
A hacker could obtain passwords without using computer tools or programs through the technique of social engineering. This involves manipulating individuals into divulging confidential information, such as passwords or other personal data. Unlike other methods such as sniffing tools, backdoors, or trojan horses, social engineering doesn't require technical hacking skills but relies on human psychology and deception.
Hackers use various tactics to break into systems and accounts. They might create convincing fake emails or websites to phish for information, trick people over the phone, or even search through someone's trash for sensitive paperwork. The data they steal can include personal, financial, or corporate information. Hackers might use this information for financial gain, identity theft, to sell on the dark web, or to compromise corporate security.
Preventing and reducing the risks of hacking involves a combination of good security practices like using strong passwords, educating people about the risks and signs of social engineering, and implementing robust technical measures such as encryption, firewalls, and anti-virus software. Successful hackers often exploit human weaknesses rather than technological weaknesses, thus making awareness and vigilance key to stopping or reducing hacking incidents.