Question

1. A species of bird is threatened with extinction because its habitat is being destroyed by

deforestation. As a research ecologist, you have been chosen to ensure the genetic diversity of
the species. In this species of bird, feathers may be white, black, or white with black spots. In
the same species, beaks may be long, medium or short. A black bird with a medium beak pairs
with a spotted bird with a long beak. Draw a Punnett square that represents the cross. Make a
list of all of the phenotype combinations this pair could possibly produce.

Answer 1

Without detailed genetic information, creating a Punnett square for the given bird species is not possible. However, the focus on preserving genetic diversity and protecting habitats is key in preventing further extinctions.

Step-by-step explanation:

To ensure the genetic diversity of the bird species threatened by habitat destruction due to deforestation, a research ecologist would employ genetic management strategies, including the use of Punnett squares to predict possible genetic outcomes from mating. Given the phenotypic description of a black bird with a medium beak and a spotted bird with a long beak, we must first assume that each trait is governed by a simple Mendelian inheritance pattern to generate a Punnett square for the cross.

Unfortunately, without knowing the dominance relationships or whether the traits are linked or affected by multiple genes, we cannot draw an accurate Punnett square or list all the phenotype combinations that this pair could possibly produce. For such a complex situation, it would be recommended to conduct genetic studies to determine the inheritance patterns before predicting offspring phenotypes.

The preservation of endemic bird species is crucial, not only for maintaining biodiversity but also for the ecosystem services they provide. Efforts to conserve birds include protecting original habitats and, when necessary, implementing captive breeding programs to maintain genetic diversity.

The situation mirrors real-world biodiversity issues such as the concern for species threatened by deforestation in tropical forests, which are biodiversity hotspots, and the loss of natural ecosystems leading to increased bird extinctions. International efforts like CITES and legislation such as the Lacey Act and the Wild Bird Conservation Act are pivotal in regulating the wildlife trade and protecting at-risk species.