Final answer:
The Correct option is 3). Energy is absorbed when chemical bonds are broken and released when they are formed, which is related to chemical potential energy and bond enthalpies that determine if a reaction is endothermic or exothermic.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question addresses the processes of energy absorption and release during the formation and breaking of chemical bonds. To clarify, energy is absorbed when a chemical bond is broken, and energy is released when a chemical bond is formed. Thus, the correct answer is that energy is absorbed when bonds are broken (3) and released when bonds are formed (2). This energy transaction occurs because atoms in a molecule or compound are held together by electrical forces. Chemical potential energy is the term for the energy stored within these bonds, and the amount of this energy depends on the specific bond's strength. Chemical reactions, which involve bond breakage and formation, may either absorb energy (endothermic reactions) or release energy (exothermic reactions), depending on the balance between the energy needed to break existing bonds and the energy released from forming new bonds.
During a chemical reaction, the net energy change can be analyzed by considering the bond enthalpies of the bonds broken and formed. The enthalpy change indicates whether a reaction is overall energy absorbing or releasing. By breaking down the food we eat, our bodies make use of chemical energy, converting these molecules into kinetic energy that fuels our muscle cells and other bodily functions.