Final answer:
To increase the temperature of 1 kilogram of water by 5.0°C, 20920 J of energy is needed. This is calculated using the specific heat capacity of water, which is 4.184 J/g°C, and the formula Q = mcΔT.
Step-by-step explanation:
The student is asking about the energy required to increase the temperature of water, which can be calculated using the specific heat capacity formula. The specific heat of water is 4.184 J/g °C, meaning that to heat 1 g of water by 1 °C one would need 4.184 J of energy. Therefore, to calculate the energy to heat 1 kg (1000 g) of water by 5.0 °C, the equation Q = mcΔT is used where Q is the heat required, m is the mass, c is the specific heat capacity, and ΔT is the change in temperature.
Using the specific heat of water (4184 J/kg°C) and the provided mass and temperature change, the energy needed is calculated as follows:
Q = (1 kg) × (4184 J/kg°C) × (5.0 °C) = 20920 J
Thus, 20920 J of energy is required to increase the temperature of 1 kilogram of water by 5.0 °C.