Final answer:
To ascertain if mixtures produced a new substance, it's essential to look for evidence of chemical changes like new products or changes in state. No new substance is formed when mixing aqueous NaCl and KBr, but the classification of mixtures can range from homogeneous as in sugar water, to heterogeneous as with salt and pepper.
Step-by-step explanation:
To determine how many mixtures produced a new substance, we need to consider each setup and analyze the outcomes of the mixtures based on their chemical properties. If the composition of molecules changes and new substances with different properties are formed, a chemical reaction occurs, producing a new substance.
From the information provided, mixing solutions of two different chemical substances like the aqueous NaCl and aqueous KBr does not produce a new substance since no chemical reaction takes place between Na+, Cl¯, K+, and Br- ions in the solution. They simply form a homogeneous mixture due to the uniform distribution of these ions in water.
Regarding the data table and experiments mentioned but not detailed in your question, you would need to look for changes in the composition of the reaction mixture—such as the appearance of new products or a change in color, temperature, or state—to determine if a new substance was formed. In the example given where the starting materials consist of four green spheres and two purple spheres, and the products remain the same, no new substance is produced, as this only represents a physical change rather than a chemical one.
To classify mixtures, the following can be concluded based on the provided information:
- Salt mixed with pepper is a heterogeneous mixture because the components are not uniformly distributed, and the different phases can be seen.
- Sugar dissolved in water is a homogeneous mixture, also known as a solution, since the sugar is completely dissolved and the composition is uniform throughout.
- Pasta cooked in boiling water is considered a heterogeneous mixture because pasta and water do not mix uniformly at a molecular level and remain separate entities.