Final answer:
The mole ratio of nitrogen to ammonia in the equation N₂ + 3H₂ → 2NH₃ is 1:2, meaning 1 mole of nitrogen produces 2 moles of ammonia.
Step-by-step explanation:
The mole ratio of nitrogen to ammonia in the balanced chemical equation N₂ (g) + 3H₂ (g) → 2NH₃ (g) can be determined directly from the coefficients. According to the equation, 1 mole of nitrogen gas (N₂) reacts to produce 2 moles of ammonia (NH₃). This means the mole ratio of nitrogen to ammonia is 1:2. If a stoichiometric calculation were needed, these coefficients would be used to determine how much product can be produced from a given amount of reactant or vice versa. For example, if a chemist starts with 3 moles of N₂ (three times the "recipe" requirement in the balanced equation), and assuming an excess of hydrogen, they would produce 6 moles of NH₃ since the production is scaled by the coefficient in the equation.