Final answer:
Dropping spheres from a height of 120 cm will result in more extensive and complex impact craters due to the increased kinetic energy at impact, which causes a violent explosion and transfers energy to create a crater with characteristic features such as a central peak and terraces.
Step-by-step explanation:
If spheres were dropped from a height of 120 cm, the appearance of their impact craters would be influenced by several factors. Primarily, the craters' size and morphology depend on the energy of impact, which is a result of the spheres' velocity upon reaching the ground. The higher the dropping height, the more the gravitational potential energy is converted into kinetic energy, thus increasing the impact speed. This typically leads to the formation of larger and deeper craters with more pronounced ejecta blankets. We can expect that a drop from 120 cm would produce craters with a greater diameter and depth compared to those created from a lower height.
As described by scientific studies on impact craters, at high impact speeds, a violent explosion occurs, creating a large, essentially circular crater. These craters can have a central peak or flat floor due to the rebound of the crust. The kinetic energy is quickly transferred to the target material leading to a shock wave that fractures the ground and causes vaporization of both the projectile and surrounding material.
Overall, increasing the height from which spheres are dropped to 120 cm can notably alter the impact craters' appearance, potentially making them more extensive and complex due to the increased energy at impact.