Final answer:
The correct converse of the conditional is "If I feel better, then the weather is sunny." Counterexamples are instances that prove a conditional false, such as wearing waterproof clothing to prevent getting wet in the rain.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that is the converse of the conditional "If the weather is sunny, then I feel better" would switch the hypothesis and conclusion. Therefore, the converse would be D. If I feel better, then the weather is sunny.
As for counterexamples, these are situations that demonstrate a conditional statement to be false. Considering the statement "If you walk in the rain, your shirt will get wet," a possible counterexample would be wearing waterproof clothing while walking in the rain, as it would prevent your shirt from getting wet.
In logic and reasoning, it is essential to differentiate between conditionals and their converses, as well as recognize the value of counterexamples to test the truth of statements.