Final answer:
The president's foreign policy is implemented by the Department of State and carried out by the Department of Defense, with the Secretary of State and Secretary of Defense playing key roles in promoting and executing these policies.
Step-by-step explanation:
Once the president of the United States has formulated foreign policy, it is implemented through the Department of State and carried out by the Department of Defense. The Department of State, headed by the Secretary of State, takes the lead in the development and implementation of the President's foreign policy. The Secretary of State is the principal foreign policy adviser to the President and oversees the foreign affairs of the nation, advocating U.S. objectives and interests globally.
On the other hand, the Department of Defense is responsible for military aspects of foreign policy, under the guidance of the Secretary of Defense, who directs the armed services. Both departments play a crucial role in ensuring the protection of Americans abroad and foreign nationals in the United States. Additionally, other important entities such as the Department of Commerce and the U.S. Agency for International Development support the foreign affairs activities of the State Department.
The implementation of foreign policy can include various actions like recognizing new nations, negotiating treaties that require Senate approval, and conducting executive agreements with other countries. In matters of urgency, such as deployment of troops or response to foreign policy crises, the President can act swiftly, often with the subsequent support of Congress for necessary funding.